Grinding-machine



D. H.vv CHURCH. GRINDING MACHINE.

6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

PatentedjApr. 3, 1894.

INVENTE'L:

WITNEEEEQ:

6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

` Patented Apr. 3, 1894.

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INVENIIIRI bww. e le .,l n

D. H. CHURCH. GNINDING MACHINE.

(No Model.)

WITNEEEN-:Ez: 42M

(No Moda.) '6 sheets-sheer. 3.

D. H. CHURCH. @BINDINGA MACHINE.

No. 517,643. Patented Apr.. 3, 1894.

(No Model.) Y 'a sheets-sheet 4.

D. H. CHURCH.v

GRINDING MACHINE;

N0. 517,643. v A Patented Apr. 3, 1894.

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wAsHn-mrm. nA cA (No l'lkodel.) D. H. CHURCH.

GRINDING MACHINE.

PatentedApr. 3, 1894.

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' which- ...l3`o View of the dial-holder.

TED STMiE-S.`

PATENT u i DUANE H. CHURCH, or ArnwToN, MASSACHUSETTS.

sPEcIFIcATIoH arming part of Letter-spannt Nb. 517,643, dated April 3,1894. i

y Application filed .l'unc23,1893.l

serial No. 478.613. (No maar.)

To al@ whom/ it may concern.- n I vl Be 1t known that I, DUANE H.CHURCH, of

Newton,in t'he'county of Middlesex and State v March 21, `1893.

derstood, I win proceed to describe itwith holder in elevation.

reference to the accompanying drawings, of

Figure 1 represents a plan ofa machine constructed according to myinvention, and

-\ designed for grinding disks such as watch 25 dials. Fig. isa frontelevation, partly in section.. Fig. 3 is an end elevation. Fig. 4

is a vertical cross-section, taken through the middle of the machine,bnt'showin'g the dial- Fig. 5 shows a horizontal section.A Fig. 6 showsa detail sectional Fig. 7 shows a sectional vdetail of parts appearingat the left of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 shows a sectional view ot a machineembodyingjthe invention and de-l signed for grinding elongated bodies.Fig. 9 .shows a section on line 9'-9 of Fig. 8. Fig.

1 10 shows a sectional View of parts appearing n is' in Fig. 8. Fig. 11shows an end view, as seen from the rightof Fig. 8. j

The same numerals and letters of reference indicate the same parts inall the figures.

Referring first to'Figs. 1 to 7, the frame of f the machine consists ofa bed A1, supported by .leg's 2, 3. r Mounted on the bed 1 are slides 5,l .6,.constructed to carry'and support shafts 7 l8, providedattheirinner'ends with holders 9 lfoi-carrying the substance-desired to formthe grin'ding-surfac'e. In a machine of the character V,shown in'Figs. 1to 7, it is desired to use emery laps 10 for thispurpose, whichYserve'at the same time as housings to'lconl vfineany dust or kparticlesremoved -during fers is a pan p, from which extends a duct d, 'forreceiving and carrying onf water which is supplied during the grindingoperation. l

` YMounted yon the bed 1 is a standard 14, whioh'supports and carriesthe dial holding and operating devices 12 13which-are or may be of anysuitable construction. When used forgrinding watch-dials, it ispreferred Kthe grinding operation'. Beneath the grindthat the holdingdevices 12 13 be' obliquely disposed in relation toi the shafts 7 8 toan eX- Ytent corresponding to the desired bevel to be vgiven to theperiphery of the dials..

The dial-holder is pivoted at 67, so that it may be raised and loweredin removing and replacing the dials, and'provision is made forcushioning the up and down tstroke, as fol-y lows: The holder isconnected by a vertical rod 68 with a piston 69 lin an air-cylinder 70.A plunger-rod 7 l, connected with said piston, extends out yofthe bottomof the cylinder, and connects with a treadle or other suitablepower-applying agent. A spring 72 bears at one end against a shoulder 73 on the plungerrod, and at the other end against the cylinder 70,whereby it cushions the upward stroke of the plunger-rod. The return ordownward movement of the piston iscushioned by the air in the cylinder.l

Shafts 7, 8, together with 10, are driven from any desired source bypulleys 15 1 6 respectively.

Mounted'in carriagesA 60, on the under side of the bed 1, are twovertical shafts 17, provided with arms 18.19 Sat their upper and lowerextremities respectively. The arms 18 vextend inward (between thegrinding-surfaces 10)- and 'are provided on their extremitieswithdiainond stops 18', and said arms 18 are placed" to bring the. stops18Yat ya-distance apart corresponding with the'desired diameter of thedial to be ground. Thus the stops i act asa c'alipers formeasuringvjeach dial, ffor ythe grinding of the dial continues until thefaces10 come-in contact with'the stops18,

at which point the` grinding ceases, as hereinf l after explained. Thearms'19 are normally in electrical contact with electro-.magnets 19',and are separated from the latter to break the connection by the contactof the stops 18 with' the grindingsurfaces 10.

'.I 'The carriages 6,0r are connected together byr 'holders 9 and laps yIOO a rod G1, having right and left hand screwthreads engaging thecarriages respectively, whereby, when the said rod is turned in onedirection, the carriages will be moved toward each other; and, when thesaid rod is turned in the opposite direction, the carriages are movedaway from each other. Thus, by turning a knob 62 yon the end of saidrod, the arms 18 may be adjusted for dials of diiierent diameters. Eachof the carriages is provided with a screw 63, which projects through aslot in the bed 1, and has a head (il, whose under side is pressed by afiat spring 65 in a groove in the bed. displacement of the carriagesafter adjustment is prevented. The electro-magnets 19 are carried by thecarriages 60, and hence the relation between them and the arm 19 is notdisturbed by adjustment of the carriages.

The slides 5, G have a longitudinally reciprocating motion, movingsimultaneously toward and away from each other. The movement of theslides is effected through the instrumentality of sleeves G4', mountedto turn in bearings in the bed l, and engaging screws 65 on the slides.Gears 73 are fixedly mounted on the sleeves G1', and they mesh withgears 74 mounted on a counter-shaft 75. These latter gears 711 have africtional connection with the said countershaft, whereby they may,under certain conditions, turn independently thewreof. Each of the saidgears is held between disks 76, keyed to the shaft, and faced with amaterial suc-h as leather, so as to create friction between them and thegear. One of these disks is spring-pressed against the gear, as shown inFig. 5.

Motion is transmitted from the drivingi shaft 77 to each of the gears74, through the following-described mechanism: A hollow shaft 78 issupported in stationary bearings, and carries a gear 79,'meshing withthe gear 74, and one member 80 of a friction coneclutch, the othermember 80 of which is mounted on the driving-shaft. The shaft 78 ispermitted a slight endwise movement to lock and release the clutch. Arod 8l occupies the bore of the shaft 78, and is pressed against the endof the driving-shaft by a spring 82, bearing at one end against the rodand at the other end against a screw 82' fastened in the end of theshaft 78, whereby said spring tends to separate the members of theclutch. The member 80 of the clutch contains an electro-magnet S3, andthe member 80 constitutes an armature to be acted upon by said magnetand drawn into frictional engagement with the member 80.

The main-shaft'77 is continuously driven through any suitable means,such as worm 84 and gear 85.

The machine may be wired in any suitable manner so that an electricalcircuit may be established through the magnets 83, and the gage devicesmay constitute switches by which to cut said magnets in and out. In

the present instance, a source of electricity,

By this means, accidental' as a battery, is indicated at 86, andconnected with the magnets 19 and 83 respectively. The magnets 83 beingrotary parts, the con nection is a sliding one, consisting-of anelectrode 87, contacting with an annular surface 88 of themagnet-casing. The circuit is completed by connecting the arms 19 of thegage devices with the magnets 83. As here shown, this connection isindicated as being with the clutch parts or armatures 80.

The extent of normal movement of the grinders, according to the diameterof dial desired, is regulated by means of a disk 88', mounted fixedly onthe end of the countershaft 75, and a stop-arm 89, fastened at one endto a fixed part of the machine and arranged to give or yield in onedirection only. The disk 88' is provided with an annular series ofperforations 90 and stop-pins 91 and 91 may be removably inserted insaid perforations so as to project from the inner side of the disk andencounter the stop-arm 89. A weight (not shown) is suspended by aflexible connection 93 from a grooved pulleySl-t on the shaft 75, andtends to rotate said shaft in a direction which will cause the pin 91 tobear against the under side of the stop-arm 89, as shown in Fig. 3. Thepin 91 is set to permit a rotation of the counter-shaft to the extentnecessary for a normal movement of the grinders to grind a dial to thedesired diameter, the rotation of said shaft being stopped by the pin 91encountering the upper side of the stop-arm 89. The impact of the pin 91against the stop-arm, upon the return of the shaft by the weight on thecord 93, is cushioned by reason of the yielding property of the saidstop-arm. Y

The operation of themachine is as follows, assuming that, imprimis, thegrinding-surfaces 10 10 are fresh and not worn. Themachine having beenadjusted to the desired diametrieal size of dial, the dial to beoperated upon is placed in the holders 12 13, the slides 5 G beingseparated, and the electrical circuit is established by bringing thearms 19 into contact with the magnets 19', andthe attractive power ofthe latter will hold the gage devices (comprising the arms 18 and 19)positively in this adjustment, and prevent accidental displacement. Themagnets 83 now being excited, lock the clutches, so that the shafts 78will turn with the driving-shaft 77.`

The machine being set in motion, the dialholder revolves the dial at thedesired speed, and the main-shaft 77, through the gears 79, 74 and 73,revolves the sleeves G21, and thereby moves the grinders toward eachother, by the engagement of said sleeves with the screws G5. Thegrinding-surfaces 10 grind down the periphery of the dial until saidsurfaces encounter the stops 18. Vhen this occurs, the dial will havebeen reduced to the proper diameter, and the grinding ceases by reasonof the arms 18 being moved toward each other, thereby moving thearms 19away from the magnets 19 and breaking the cir- IOC IIO

=- the electrical circuit remains unbroken, and

` 517,643 o l "s cuit, thus rendering the magnets inactive, andpermitting the springs 82 to disconnect lthe clutch-parts, so that theshafts 78 are no longer rotated by' the driving-shaft 77. Si-

multaneously with this action, the stop-pin 91 a encounters the arm 89,and stops the countershaft 75 which has been rotating with the tion ofthe grinding-surface 10, and hence, inl

. grindingthe nextdial, in order to bring it to the same diameter as thefirst one, the grind-vv ers must move toward each other to an extent asmuch greaterthan in the lirstinstance as the amount of grinding-surfaceworn away during the grinding of the first dial. When the grindersarrive at thevpoint where they were stopped in grinding the ,first dial,the' stop-pin 91 encounters the arm 89, as before, and stops therotation of the counter-shaft 75. But, by reason ofthe reduction in thegrinding-surfaces 10, they will not have encountered the stop 18 whenthis takes place, hence the clutches are still locked by the inuence ofthe magnets 83, and the rotation of the shafts 78 vcontinues, and thegrinders are moved farther toward .each other, the frictional connectionofv the gears 74 with the counter-shaft permitting said gears tocontinue to turn, while said shaft is held stationary, said gearsslippingbetween the disks 76. The movement of the grinders upon the dialcontinues'until the grinding-surfaces encounterthe stops 18', when Vsaidgrinders are stopped and run back, as before'. The second dial is nowcomplete, and is of an exact size' with the previously-ground one. Theoperationmaybe continued until the emery laps 10 :are completely wornaway, and the disks ground `will all be of a uniform diameter.

The machine could be so arranged that the diamondstopslS would yrestuponthe periphery ofthe disk being ground, and breakv contact when thedesired' size was attained, thus stopping the electrical feed and theforward motion of the grinding-lap.y

I do not confine myself to the exact means s howuand described fortakingv up the wearl of the grinding-surfaces, -as any suitablemechanical meansv couldvbe substituted for those Q shown. p

The invention is not limited to the conjoint use ofthe two .grindingmechanisms here/` shown, and one of said mechanisms may be omittedwithout departing from the spirit of the invention.`

' be effected may be variously modified, and I do not confine myselftothe particular organization and details ofmechanism `here shown.

Figs. 8, 9,110 and 11 illustrate aconstruction by which thel inventionmay be embodied in a machine for grinding lelongated bodies.v

mounted in a suitable manner so. as to be capable of traveling back andforth across the grinding-lap 102. This grinding-lap is in the form ofadisk, which is mounted on a slide 103. The stop-arm 104 is carriedV onan auxiliary slide 105, and has a diamond point 106 for contact with theperiphery of the emery-lap 102.A The slide 105 is mounted to moveoverthe slide .103, and the two slides are driven by one screw-shaft107, having screw-threads of diferent'pitch engaging the slid-esrespectively, whereby the'slide 105 will move twice as fast as the slide103. The screw-shaft is driven through its primaryA movement, andthroughits movement which compensates for.the wearing away of the emery-lap, bymechanism of similar construction and arrangement to that alreadydescribed withreference to the other figures. In view of the fact thatan elongated body is under` treatment, and to be reduced to a uniformsize throughoutits length, the grinding-lap must be held up against thework for, al certain length of time after the piece hasbeen reduced tothe desired diameter at one end.-V This may be accomplished by theconstruction here shown, in which` a divided counter-:shaftI 108 has'itsendsfrictionally connectedby means of suitably-constructed heads 109 and110. The head 110 comprises a drum, on which a cord or like exibledevice 111 is adapted to be wound, said cord having a weight yattachedto its end, and arranged to turn back the feeding parts after one piecehas been ground. The driving. shaft112 is connected with the right-handmember of the divided counter-shaft, by

roo f vgears 113114, an electric friction-clutch 115 of a constructionsimilar to that vbefore described being inserted in the driving-shaft. Aperforated disk 116 is fastened on the end of the divided counter-shaft,and receives a stoplpin 117, to throw the feed parts out of mined time.Y

A stop-arm 118 is-pivoted to the end of the machine-frame, and extendsbehind the disk 116 and into the path of the pin 117, and may Y move toa limited extent on its pivotbetween stop-pins 119 and 120, so as to beutilized as a switch to cut out theclutch 115. A spring 121 is connectedat one end with the arm 118, at a point infront of the pivot thereof,and

vsaid spring is connected at its opposite en'd with a stationary support122.v It will be Seen that said'spring will act to hold'the pivoted armagainst oneor the other'of the tixedstops 119 or 120, and, as soon asthe arm is moved over the center, said spring quicklycarriesit againstthe fixed stop. The upper stop 119 is lgear with the driving-shaft at apredeterizo Vthe, terminal of an electric circuit, which includes theclutch 115. The other terminal of said circuitisthe arm 118. 'l Saidarmcarries a 119. When the lgrinding operationbegins,the arm 118V is' inelectrical engagement with the spring'clip 123, for engagement with thestop'v stop 119, and the circuit is closed and the clutch locked. Thepin 117 is set to permit a continued movement of the right-hand memberotthe shaft 108 afterihe left-hand member has been stopped bythe pin inthe disk 88*c0ming against the stop-arm, as in the form of machine Iirstdescribed, the continued movement being sufficient to allow for thelength of the work under treatment. It will now be seen that, after theprimary feed and the Wearcompensating feed have been effected, theemery-lap is still held u p against the work, as the cord 111 is stillbeing Wound upon the head 110 as the latter is driven from the shaft 112through the gears 113 and 114, and the frictional contact of the heads109 and 110 prevents the left-hand member of the counter-shaft fromturning back. This continues until the pin 117 encounters the arm 118and moves it over the center, whereupon the spring 121 throws the armagainst the fixed stop 120, and the circuit is broken by thedisconnection of the clip 123 and terminal 119. As soon as the circuitis broken, the clutch 115 is released, and the weight ou the cord 111turns back the feed-parts, the two members of the counter-shaft turningtogether,-by reason of the frictional engagement of.the heads 109 and110,-until the left-hand member is stopped in the manner described withreference to the rst form of machine. The

right-hand member continues to be turned back by the weight, until a pin125 in the disk 11G encounters the stop-arm 118, the head 110 slippingon the head 109. Said pin 125 moves the arm 118 over the center, and thespring 121 draws it against the stop 119, and the circuit is againclosed.

It is evident that other constructions might be employed to accomplishthe compensation for length ofthe work, and hence the invention is notlimited to the particular construction shown.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

A grinding machine comprising in its construction a movable grinder,feed mechanism for advancing the same upon the Work, means controlled bythe grinding surface for rendering said t'eed mechanism inoperative, aretractiug agent which constantly tends to Withtwo subscribingwitnesses, this 17th day of June, A. D. 1893.

DUANE 11. CHURCH. Witnesses:

C. F. BROWN, ARTHUR W. CRossLEY.

